Growing consumers through production and play:a phenomenological exploration of food growing in the school foodscape

This article adopts a phenomenological perspective to illustrate how gardens become important spaces where children informally encounter, produce, consume and learn about food. We extend the theoretical concept of the ‘foodscape’ by applying it to both childhood production and consumption and, drawing on qualitative insights from two UK school gardening clubs, show why bodily and sensory phenomena are central to unlocking the potential for foodscapes as learning environments. We highlight how sensory engagement with ‘mess’ and ‘dirt’ normally dissociated from food retail and service enhances the agentic capacity of children as growers and consumers. Our central contribution to the sociology of food is to advance the argument that sensory learning is vital if children are to successfully negotiate between abstract and experiential awareness of the taste and source of myriad consumables, something which currently exacerbates the culture of anxiety and mistrust in contemporary food consumption

The Effect of Chronic Alcohol Consumption on Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Young Men

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of chronic alcohol consumption on exercise-induced muscle damage of the knee extensors in young men. METHODS: Twenty-one males (age 21.9 ± 1.1 yr; weight 183.4 ± 27.6 lbs; height 174.0 ± 13.1 cm) performed 100 maximal eccentric contractions at 30°/sec of the knee extensors using their non-dominant leg. The isometric and isokinetic muscle strengths (60°/sec and 180°/sec) were measured pre-exercise and immediately, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h, and 120 h post-exercise. Muscle soreness and plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity were measured pre-exercise and 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h, and 120 h post-exercise. Data were analyzed using two-way repeated-measures ANOVA to determine the main effects of time (exercise), group (non-drinker vs. frequent drinker), and their interaction terms. RESULTS: There were significant main effects of time for isometric strength (F6, 114 = 8.11, P \u3c 0.001), isokinetic strength at both 60°/sec ( F6, 114 = 11.02, P \u3c 0.001) and 180°/sec (F6, 114 = 9.88, P \u3c 0.001), muscle soreness (F5, 95 = 26.64, P \u3c 0.001), and plasma CK activity (F5, 70 = 5.15, P \u3c 0.001). There were no significant effects of group or interaction for any of the variables. CONCLUSION: There was not an evident effect of chronic alcohol consumption on exercise-induced muscle damage in young men. This may likely be due to the small sample size, the relatively small magnitude of muscle damage, the time of alcohol consumption relative to the bout of exercise, and the between-subjects study design

Acceptability of a digital healthintervention alongside physiotherapy to support patients following anterior cruciateligament reconstruction

Background: Physiotherapy rehabilitation following surgical reconstruction to the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) can take up to 12 months to complete. Given the lengthy rehabilitation process, a blended intervention can be used to compliment face-to-face physiotherapy with a digital exercise intervention. In this study, we used TRAK, a web–based tool that has been developed to support knee rehabilitation, which provides individually tailored exercise programs with videos, instructions and progress logs for each exercise, relevant health information and a contact option that allows a patient to email a physiotherapist for additional support. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acceptability of TRAK–based blended intervention in post ACL reconstruction rehabilitation. Methods: A qualitative research design using semi-structured interviews was used on a convenience sample of participants following an ACL reconstruction, and their treating physiotherapists, in a London NHS hospital. Participants were asked to use TRAK alongside face-to-face physiotherapy for 16 weeks. Interviews were carried out, audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and coded by two researchers independently. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Of the 25 individuals that were approached to be part of the study, 24 consented, comprising 8 females and 16 males, mean age 30 years. 17 individuals used TRAK for 16 weeks and were available for interview. Four physiotherapists were also interviewed. The six main themes identified from patients were: the experience of TRAK rehabilitation, personal characteristics for engagement, strengths and weaknesses of the intervention, TRAK in the future and attitudes to digital healthcare. The main themes from the physiotherapist interviews were: potential benefits, availability of resources and service organization to support use of TRAK. Conclusions: TRAK was found to be an acceptable method of delivering ACL rehabilitation alongside face-to-face physiotherapy. Patients reported that TRAK, specifically the videos, increased their confidence and motivation with their rehabilitation. They identified ways in which TRAK could be developed in the future to meet technological expectations and further support rehabilitation. For Physiotherapists time and availability of computers affected acceptability. Organization of care to support integration of digital exercise interventions such as TRAK into a blended approach to rehabilitation is required

A scoping review of the resources needed to deliver anterior cruciate ligament physiotherapy rehabilitation in randomised controlled trials

Background: The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) stabilises the knee and is commonly injured in sport. Surgical repair and rehabilitation are common. However, rehabilitation randomised controlled trials do not always report the resources used to deliver ACL rehabilitation. This may lead to suboptimal availability of resources for evidence based care. Objective: To identify the resources used to deliver multimodal ACL rehabilitation in randomised controlled trials Methods: Comprehensive searches, combining ‘anterior cruciate ligament’, and ‘rehabilitation’ with the Cochrane RCT filter, were conducted of Medline, Embase, Cinahl, PeDro, Sports Discus and the Cochrane Library. Adults post ACL reconstruction were included. The intervention and comparator were physiotherapy for post-operative rehabilitation. Outcomes were the resources required to deliver rehabilitation, and study type was randomised controlled trials. Papers were screened against the criteria; data were charted and narrative synthesis applied. Results: Fourteen studies reported on 599 patients. The interventions ranged from 4 to 36 weeks. Physiotherapy was typically an hour and ranged from 1 to 5 sessions/week. Resources included a gym environment with rehabilitation equipment such as resistance machines, free weights, cardiovascular and neuromuscular control equipment, and an experienced physiotherapist. Conclusions: Implications for future studies include the need for a more detailed report of the resources used in RCTs. Accurate reporting would help healthcare decision makers to effectively manage resources when implementing evidence based care. Findings can be considered as criteria against which to audit resource provision

Collateral consequences and criminal desistance among sexual offenders

Collateral consequences faced by sexual offenders have been widely-referenced in the literature. There has yet to be a systematic examination of collateral consequences affecting sexual offenders, however, due measurement inconsistencies and the absence of a psychometrically validated instrument. The current study developed and validated a measure of collateral consequences faced by sexual offenders and linked collateral consequences to important psychosocial outcomes related to recidivism. Specifically, this study investigated 1) the underlying factor structure of collateral consequences commonly endorsed by sexual offenders through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) procedures; 2) the correlational relationships between the developed measure and important psychosocial variables including shame, hopelessness, social integration, perceived stigma, and perceived social support; and 3) whether or not the experience of collateral consequences significantly related to sexual and/or general reoffense. Participants included 218 male registered sexual offenders in the state of Texas. Included in scale development were 66 items representing commonly-referenced collateral consequences, gleaned from prior literature, qualitative interviews with sexual offenders, and consultation with experts. EFA results revealed a two-factor solution measuring both social (i.e., discrimination and harassment experiences) and psychological (i.e., negative affect and avoidance) consequences associated with a sexual offense conviction. Results indicated that both social and psychological collateral consequences were significantly correlated with indicators of social integration, perceived stigma, shame, and hopelessness. Only psychological consequences were significantly associated with perceived support from family, friends, and significant others. Notably, only experiences with social collateral consequences were significantly related to general (nonsexual) reoffending as well as reoffending through probation and parole violations and failure to register offenses. Results highlight the shared yet disparate influence of collateral consequences on psychosocial and behavioral functioning among sexual offenders. Limitations, future research directions, and practical implications of the current findings are discussed.Educational Psycholog

Narrative identity among contact versus non-contact sexual offenders

The current study explored narrative roles among individuals convicted of a sexual offense. Narrative roles in a criminal context are defined as personal accounts utilized by offenders to justify illegal behavior. The chosen theoretical framework recognized four primary offender roles: Revengeful Mission/Romantic Quest, Professional, Victim, and Tragic Hero. Twenty-three interviews were conducted with sexual offenders (n = 11 contact, n = 12 non-contact) in order to explore and compare narrative roles between contact and non-contact offenders. Interviews were conducted using a phenomenological approach and coded via Framework Analysis, a qualitative data analytic method. Findings revealed a general pattern of narrative themes among offenders, along with a tendency for contact offenders to endorse Revengeful Mission/Romantic Quest narrative roles and non-contact offenders to endorse Tragic Hero narrative roles. Findings suggest that incorporating narrative roles into conceptualization and treatment of sexual offenders may help more effectively tailor treatments.Educational Psycholog

The Importance of Phonological Processing in English- and Mandarin-speaking Emergent and Fluent Readers.

Phonological awareness is the single strongest predictor of reading ability in English-speaking children. Although the primacy of this skill is uncontested, it is still not clear why phonological awareness is such a potent predictor of reading development. For my dissertation, I proposed a cross-cultural developmental study designed to explore which components of phonological awareness were related to reading in order to gain insight into how phonological awareness was related to reading. Specifically, I investigated three questions: (i) Is the role of phonological awareness specific to a level of processing, (ii) Is the role of phonological awareness specific to language-experience, and (iii) Is the role of phonological experience specific to linguistic grain size? Overall, in the current study 140 English- and Mandarin-speaking 4- to 8-year-old children and 94 English- and Mandarin-speaking skilled adult readers were tested on a battery of measures designed to assess phonological and morphological processing and reading ability. In Study 1, phonological awareness measured by syllable and phoneme elision was the single strongest predictor of reading in 69 monolingual English- and 71 monolingual Mandarin-speaking emergent readers. Phoneme-level awareness developed later in Mandarin-speaking children than English-speaking children but was equally related to reading for children first learning to read Chinese, as for younger and older English-speaking children. However, unlike for English readers, phonological sensitivity as measured by a phonological same/different judgment task, was a marginally significant predictor of reading ability after measures of higher-order phonological awareness only in Mandarin-, but not English-speaking readers. In the Study 2, performance on the phonological sensitivity measure and the phonological awareness task was similar for 67 monolingual English- and 27 monolingual Mandarin-speaking fluent adult readers. However, for Mandarin speakers, phonological sensitivity and phoneme elision predicted unique variance in single-word-reading. For English speakers, phonological working memory and rapid naming measures but not phonological sensitivity or awareness predicted unique variance in single-word-reading. These findings suggest that phonological processing skills are present in both English- and Mandarin-speaking emergent child and skilled adult readers but may show different patterns of predicting reading depending on the sound-symbol relations of a language and the level of reading development.Ph.D.PsychologyUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/57695/2/eehamilt_1.pd